ETHNOCULTURAL CONTACTS OF KARACHAI-BALKARS WITH SLAVS IN THE PRE-OCTOBER PERIOD

	ISSN 2223-165X
	Izvestiya SOIGSI

Home Editorial board Publication ethics Current Information Archive Peer review guidelines Contacts Address: Pr. Mira, 10, Vladikavkaz, 362040, RNO-A, Russia E-mail: soigsi@mail.ru	DOI: 10.46698/VNC.2025.95.56.011 ETHNOCULTURAL CONTACTS OF KARACHAI-BALKARS WITH SLAVS IN THE PRE-OCTOBER PERIOD Barazbiev, Muslim I. Izvestia SOIGSI. 2025. Issue 56 (95). P.5-19. Abstract: The choice of the research topic is explained by the insufficient number of scientific works on this problem, although we should not forget that the history of any nation is at the same time the history of its relations – economic, political, linguistic, kinship and many others. The purpose of the study is to consider ethno-cultural contacts of Karachai-Balkars with Slavs in the pre-October period. The methodological basis of the study is the principles of historicism, historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-typological. Ethno-cultural contacts of Karachai-Balkars with Slavs have quite a long history. After Balkaria and Karachai became part of the Russian Empire, these contacts were significantly intensified. The most active ethno-cultural relations between Karachai-Balkars and Slavs in the pre-October period were realized in the economic sphere. Trade played a significant role in the economic relations between the Karachai-Balkars and the Slavic population of the North Caucasus. First of all, Karachais and Balkars, whose economy was based on cattle breeding, sold their own cattle and cattle products. Karachai-Balkars earned a great income from trade in timber. In turn, the Karachais and Balkars purchased goods they needed from the Slavic population of the North Caucasus. In the economic relations of the Karachai-Balkars with the Slavs, rent relations and out-migration also occupied an important place. In most cases, the Karachai- Balkars leased land plots from the Slavs for grazing and haying. At the same time, there were cases when Slavs rented their land plots from Karachai-Balkars both for settlements and for mining. Marital contacts between the Karachai-Balkars and the Slavs contributed to their rapprochement. As a result, the author concludes that ethno-cultural contacts between the Karachai-Balkars in the pre-October period were mutually beneficial and laid the foundations for their positive development later on. Keywords: Karachai-Balkars, Slavs, ethnic culture, economic contacts, marriage. Language:: Russian Download the full text For citation:: Barazbiev, M.I. Ethnocultural contacts of Karachai-Balkars with Slavs in the pre-October period // Izvestiya SOIGSI. 2025. Iss. 56 (95). Pp. 5-19. (in Russian). DOI 10.46698/VNC.2025.95.56.011 + References 1. Abaev, M.K. Balkariya. (Istoricheskii ocherk) [Balkaria. (Historical sketch)]. Nalchik. Elbrus, 1992. 38 p. 2. Posol’stvo d’yaka Fedota Elchina i svyashchennika Pavla Zakhar’eva v Dadianskuyu zemlyu (1639–1640 gg.) [Embassy of Deacon Fedot Yelchin and Priest Pavel Zakhariev to the Dadian Land (1639–1640)]. Chteniya v imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei Rossiiskikh pri Moskovskom universitete 1887 g. [Readings in the Imperial Society of Russian History and Antiquities at Moscow University 1887]. Moscow, Universitetskaya tipografiya (M. Katkova), 1887, book. 2, pp. 257–376. 3. Tekeev, K.M. Karachaevtsy i balkartsy [Karachais and Balkars]. Moscow, Nauka, 1989. 448 p. 4. Nevskaya, V.P. Karachai v poreformennyi period [Karachai in the post-Reform period]. Stavropol, Kn. izd-vo, 1964. 224 p. 5. Aibazov, A.I., Shamanov, I.M. (coms). Dorevolyutsionnye publikatsii [Pre-revolutionary publications]. Izvestiya Karachaevskogo nauchno-issledovatel’skogo instituta [Proceedings of the Karachai Research Institute]. Cherkessk, 2013, iss. IX, pp. 115–131. 6. Akkieva, S.I. Traditsionnaya kul’tura balkartsev v usloviyakh transformatsionnykh izmenenii XX – nachala XXI veka [Traditional culture of Balkars in the conditions of transformational changes of XX – early XXI century]. Nalchik, Print Tsentr, 2021. 228 p. 7. Sabanchiev, Kh.-M.A. Izbrannye trudy. Nalchik, Fregat, 2023. 576 p. 8. Yurchenko, N.I. Mezhetnicheskie svyazi verkhnekubanskogo kazachestva s karachaevtsami vo vtoroi polovine XIX – nachale XX veka [Interethnic relations of the Upper Kuban Cossacks with the Karachais in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century]. Sovremennye nauchnye issledovaniya [Contemporary scientific research]. Kislovodsk, 2011, no. 2, pp. 3–5. 9. Alikov, V. Ocherk polozheniya zhivotnovodstva v Terskoi oblasti, sostavlennyi po dannym obsledovaniya, proizvedennym v 1912 g. [An outline of the situation of animal husbandry in the Terek region, compiled according to the survey conducted in 1912]. Vladikavkaz, Kom. zhivotnovodstva Tersk. obl., 1914. 103 p. 10. Atmanskikh, A.A. Zhivotnovodstvo v Karachae, Kubanskoi oblasti (Zoogigienicheskii ocherk) [Animal husbandry in Karachay, Kuban region (A Zoohygienic essay)]. Yugo- Vostochnyi khozyain [Southeastern host]. 1906, iss. 9, pp. 65–121. 11. Nevskaya, V.P. Social’no-ekonomicheskoe razvitie Karachaya v XIX veke. (Doreformennyi period) [Socio-economic development of Karachai in the 19th century. (Pre-Reform period)]. Cherkessk, Karach,-Cherk. kn. izd-vo, 1960. 159 p. 12. Karabasheva, D.A. Lesotorgovlya v dorevolyutsionnom Karachae [Timber trade in pre-revolutionary Karachai]. Izvestiya Karachaevskogo nauchno-issledovatel’skogo instituta [Proceedings of the Karachay Research Institute]. 2016, iss. XII, pp. 30–33. 13. Upravlenie Tsentral’nogo Gosudarstvennogo arkhiva Arkhivnoi sluzhby KBR (TsGA KBR) [Department of the Central State Archive of the KBR Archival Service (CSA KBR)]. Fund 6. Inventory 1. Case 288. 14. Tkhamokova, I.H. Russkoe naselenie Kabardino-Balkarii v XIX – nachale XXI v.: dinamika etnokul’turnykh granits [The Russian population of Kabardino-Balkaria in the 19th – early 21st century: dynamics of ethnocultural boundaries]. Nalchik, Kabardino- Balkarian Institute For Humanities, 2014. 151 p. 15. Begeulov, R.M., Kosyashnikov, S.A. Inogorodnee naselenie na territorii Karachaevo- Cherkesii (vtoraya polovina XIX – nachalo XX veka) [The nonresident population in Karachai-Cherkessia (the second half of the 19th – early 20th century)]. Karachaevsk, KChGU, 2023. 191 p. 16. Mamhegov, A. Kak vstrechali Aleksandra III i Mariyu Fedorovnu [How Alexander III and Maria Feodorovna were greeted]. Gazeta Yuga [Newspaper of the South]. July 18, 2019, no. 28 (1319), p. 8. 17. Dzuganov, T.A. Syrovarennye praktiki Nal’chikskogo okruga: opyt Ismaila (Dadasha) Balkorukova [Cheese-making practices of Nalchik district: the experience of Ismail (Dadash) Balkorukov]. Vestnik KBIGI [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for Humanities]. 2024, no. 4–1 (63), pp. 34–42. 18. Shamanov, I.M. Molochnoe hozyajstvo [Dairy farming]. El’brusoid. Daidzhest [Elbrusoid. Digest]. Moscow, 2012, no. 12, pp. 6–11. 19. Sakharova, I. Kak poyavilsya kefir v Moskve [How kefir appeared in Moscow]. Molochnaya promyshlennost’ [Dairy industry]. 1957, no. 11, pp. 40, 41. 20. Pozdnyakova, M. Baryshnya i kefir [The young lady and kefir]. Argumenty i fakty [Arguments and facts]. June 12, 2013, no. 42, pp. 9. 21. Kinyabulatov, A.U., Sirotko, M.L., et al. Istoriya kumysolecheniya v Samarskoi i Ufimskoi guberniyakh. Znachenie kobyl’ego kumysa dlya ozdorovleniya cheloveka [History of kumiss treatment in Samara and Ufa provinces. The importance of mare’s koumiss for human health]. Zdorov’e naseleniya i kachestvo zhizni [Public health and quality of life]. 2012, no. 5, pp. 541–544. 22. Dzuganov, T.A. Predprinimatel’skie praktiki v slobode Nal’chik (vtoraya polovina XIX – nachalo XX v.) [Entrepreneurial practices in Nalchik settlement (the second half of the 19th – early 20th century)]. Elektronnyi zhurnal “Kavkazologiya” [The electronic journal “Caucasology”]. 2021, no. 3, pp. 82–110. 23. Abdullaeva, M.A. Traditsionnye napitki, ispol’zuemye v narodnoi meditsine karachaevtsev i balkartsev [Traditional drinks used in folk medicine of Karachais and Balkars]. Vestnik AGU [Bulletin of ASU]. 2014, iss. 3 (144), pp. 55–59. 24. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Krasnodarskogo kraya [The State Archive of the Krasnodar Region]. Fund 224. Inventory 1. Case 1686. 25. Muratova, E.G. Statisticheskie istochniki po istorii balkartsev poslednei treti XIX – nachala XX veka [Statistical sources on the history of the Balkars in the last third of the 19th – early 20th century]. Elektronnyi zhurnal “Kavkazologiya” [The electronic journal “Caucasology”]. 2024, no. 3, pp. 256–277. 26. TsGA KBR [СSA KBR]. Fund 6. Inventory 1. Case 151. 27. Barazbiev, M.I., Begeulov, R.M. Khristiane-neofity v sotsial’no-konfessional’noi strukture karachaevo-balkarskogo obshchestva v XIX v. [Neophyte Christians in the socio-confessional structure of Karachai-Balkarian society in the 19th century]. Vestnik Adygeiskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 1: Regionovedenie: filosofiya, istoriya, sotsiologiya, yurisprudentsiya, politologiya, kul’turologiya [Bulletin of the Adyghe State University. Series 1: Regional Studies: philosophy, history, sociology, law, political science, cultural studies]. 2020, no. 2 (259), pp. 22–31. 28. Botashev, M.D. Ustanovlenie iskusstvennogo rodstva pri obryadakh detskogo tsikla u karachaevtsev [Establishment of artificial kinship in the Karachai rites of the children’s cycle]. Karachaevtsy i balkartsy: yazyk, etnografiya, arkheologiya, fol’klor [Karachai and Balkars: language, ethnography, archeology, folklore]. Moscow, 2001, pp. 137–193. 29. Fedorenko, S.A. Sovetizatsiya Severnogo Kavkaza i bor’ba s politicheskoi i ugolovnoi prestupnost’yu (1920–1926 gg.) [Sovietization of the North Caucasus and the fight against political and criminal offenses (1920–1926)]. Nauchnye problemy gumanitarnykh issledovanii [Scientific problems of humanitarian research]. 2010, iss. 4, pp. 144–154. 30. Markov, L.L. U Karachaev [At Karachais]. Chasovoi [Sentry]. 1954, no. 347 (10), pp. 11–13. ← Contents of issue


	Home \| Editorial board \| Publication ethics \| Current \| Information \| Archive \| Peer review guidelines \|
	© 2025 Известия СОИГСИ